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Research Field |
Humanities & Social Sciences / Japanese history |
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Graduating School 【 display / non-display 】
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Kyoto University Faculty of Literature Graduated
1982.4 - 1986.3
Graduate School 【 display / non-display 】
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Kyoto University Graduate School, Division of Letters Doctor's Course
- 1993.3
Campus Career 【 display / non-display 】
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KONAN UNIVERSITY Faculty of Letters Professor
2005.4
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KONAN UNIVERSITY Faculty of Letters Associate Professor (as old post name)
1999.4 - 2005.3
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KONAN UNIVERSITY Faculty of Letters Lecturer
1996.4 - 1999.3
External Career 【 display / non-display 】
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日本学術振興会
1995.4 - 1996.3
Country：Japan
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日本学術振興会
1992.4 - 1994.3
Country：Japan
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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二つの荘園整理令
佐藤泰弘
甲南大学紀要 文学編 ( 175 ) 27 - 37 2025.3
Authorship：Lead author, Last author, Corresponding author
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Medieval Japanese Promissory Notes: Regarding the Saifu of the Niimi-no-shō Estate Reviewed
SATO Yasuhiro
THE SHIRIN or the JOURNAL OF HISTORY 96 ( 5 ) 1 - 35 2013.9
Single Work
Authorship：Lead author
When local estates (shōen 荘園) sent money to landlords (ryōshu 領主) in Kyōto during the 14th and 15th century in Japan, a variety of promissory notes or bills of exchange, called a saifu 割符,was used. There are few primary sources dealing with the saifu, but in documents which have ended up in Tōji-Temple we can find some manuscript copies of 15th-century saifu sent from the Niimi-no-shō estate in the province of Bitchû to Tōji in Kyoto and letters and records written by those who dealt with them. Many scholars have examined these documents, and in their arguments they have reached the following consensus.
First, the saifu were used by merchants in the capital area to obtain money in local areas. The merchants received money in exchange for the saifu and purchased goods in local areas to send and sell in the capital area.
Second, the saifu, which was exchanged for money, and the goods, which were bought with the money, had a one-to-one correspondence. So when the saifu was cashed, the proceeds of those goods were allotted.
Third, because saifu and goods were exchanged on a one-to-one basis, to make that equivalence evident, tally impressions and individual stamps, known as wari’in 割印 and fuchō 符丁, were recorded on the saifu.
As a result of detailed examination of the saifu of Niimi-no-shō, I clarify in this paper that the first point is sound but the second cannot be applied to all saifu and thus the third point is unsustainable.
First, a saifu was written on a small piece of paper that contained the amount of money and the date of issue over which a stamp (in 印) or a kind of signature (han 判) were imprinted. Because these stamps and signatures were considered tally impressions and individual stamps in previous scholarship, it was hypothesized that saifu and goods had a one-to-one correspondence, and the use of the saifu was explained as a complex process. However, this argument is unsustainable. Compared with the similar stamps and signatures which are seen in the 11th century receipts called henshō 返抄,those of saifu were not tally impressions and individual stamps but imprinted simply to attested the authenticity of saifu.
Next, the saifu was used to transfer money from the original holder into the hands of a third party. In regard to the place and function of the people involved in the saifu trade, previous scholarship was confused, but this study succeeds in clearly explaining the use of the saifu based on a correct reading of the historical sources. There were two cases in which saifu were employed depending on the relationship between the possessor of the money and the merchant who used the saifu. The first case was when the possessor of the money was a merchant. The merchant would deposit money with a toiya 問屋 (a kind of warehouseman and additionally a wholesaler) in the capital region, receive a saifu from the toiya, and then in exchange for the saifu obtained money to purchase goods locally. The second case was when the merchant and the possessor of the money were not the same person. A merchant who was entrusted with money by the owner who wanted to use the funds would issue a saifu in a locality, and receive money to purchase goods. The common element in both cases is that in exchange for saifu the merchant received the tribute money (nengusen 年貢銭) to be sent to the capital from estates in a local areas. The managers of the estate who received a saifu would send the saifu to the landlord (ryōshu) in the capital. The ryōshu who received the saifu exchanged it at the toiya for money. In the first case, it would be the toiya at which the merchant had deposited money, and in the second case, the merchant who issued the saifu specified the toiya who held on deposit the money of the owner.
Next, I deal with the relationship between the saifu and transport of goods. In earlier studies it was not realized that the manner of use of a saifu varied according to the size of the merchants’ operations. For that reason, the funds allotted for the payment of a certain saifu were understood as the proceeds of goods that had been bought with the money obtained in exchange for the saifu. In fact, there were some saifu whose use was just as described above, but this was the case of small-scale merchants. In the case of large-scale merchants, the assets managed by the toiya were allotted for the exchange of saifu regardless of the state of the shipment or sale of the goods. When viewed formally, the role of the owner of the money was different in two cases. However, when viewed as a practical matter, in both cases these were regular transactions in which the toiya stored and sold the goods sent from local areas by the merchant, and it was the toiya that processed the exchange of money for saifu as part of a transaction. -
且二十五戸 ―天慶の乱の報賽をめぐって― Invited
佐藤泰弘
『本郷真紹先生退職記念論集 日本古代の国家・ 王権と宗教』 357 - 375 2024.4
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古代荘園から中世荘園へ
吉川真司他編『古代史をひらくⅡ古代荘園』 89 - 146 2024.3
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徴税圧力と社会変動
社会経済史学 89 ( 3 ) 2023.11
Books and Other Publications 【 display / non-display 】
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大学的神戸ガイド
佐藤泰弘、東谷智 他（ Role： Contributor , 現代の残る荘園）
昭和堂出版 2021.3
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日本史講座３
佐藤泰弘（ Role： Contributor , 荘園制と都鄙交通）
東京大学出版会 2004
Other Research Activities 【 display / non-display 】
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「荘園領主権の構造と変容」
2007.6
鎌倉遺文研究会
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「申日」
2004.9
平安京文化研究会
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「荘園制成立期について」
2003.8
中世史サマーセミナー・シンポジウム
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「荘園制と都鄙交通」
2002.9
日本史研究会古代・中世史合同部会
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「前田報告第３章へのコメント」
1999.11
１９９９年度日本史研究会大会
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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荘園制の地域特性と内乱
2012.4 - 2015.3
JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)
研究「荘園制の地域特性と内乱」は、日本中世において内乱が公武政権の政治秩序や地域構造に与える変動に注目して、荘園の地域的な特質とその変容、および荘園制という政治・社会体制の総体的な変動を分析し記述することを目的とする。とくに自然環境や地理的条件に基礎づけられるとともに、その時々の政治・社会情勢に規定された地域的な特徴を地域特性として捉え、それが内乱によって変化する様態を分析し記述する。
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治承・寿永内乱前後の荘園制の変貌にかんする研究
2009.4 - 2012.3
JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)
治承・寿永内乱前後の荘園制の変貌を通して、内乱の原因や意義を明らかにする。
Committee Memberships 【 display / non-display 】
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2010.10 - 2012.10 日本史研究会 編集委員
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2003.4 - 2007.3 日本史研究会 研究委員長、
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1997.4 - 1998.3 日本史研究会 編集委員
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1994.4 - 1996.3 日本史研究会 編集委員
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1991.4 - 1993.3 日本史研究会 研究委員
Social Activities 【 display / non-display 】
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尼崎市立立花公民館「立花市民大学」
2011.7
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安土城考古博物館講座
2011.7
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ラボール京都日本史講座
2011.4
日本史講座の講師
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姫路市史編集専門委員
2008.8
姫路市史の編纂（古代担当）
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三田市史編纂委員
2007.10 - 2012.3
三田市史の編纂（古代担当）