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Associate Professor |
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Research Field |
Humanities & Social Sciences / Economic policy |
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Campus Career 【 display / non-display 】
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KONAN UNIVERSITY Hirao School of Management Associate Professor
2019.4
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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Shohei Okamoto, Mizuki Sata, Megumi Rosenberg, Natsuko Nakagoshi, Kazuki Kamimura, Kohei Komamura, Erika Kobayashi, Junko Sano, Yuzuki Hirazawa, Tomonori Okamura, Hiroyasu Iso
Health Economics Review 14 ( 1 ) 2024.1
Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract
Background
Universal health coverage means that all people can access essential health services without incurring financial hardship. Even in countries with good service coverage and financial protection, the progress towards universal health coverage may decelerate or be limited with respect to the growing older population. This study investigates the incidence/prevalence, determinants, and consequences of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and unmet need for healthcare and assesses the potential heterogeneity between younger (≤ 64 years) and older people (65 years≤).
Methods
Utilising an annual nationally representative survey of Japanese aged 20 years and over, we estimated the incidence of CHE and unmet need for healthcare using disaggregated estimates by household members’ age (i.e. ≤64 years vs. 65 years≤) between 2004 and 2020. Using a fixed-effects model, we assessed the determinants of CHE and unmet need along with the consequences of CHE. We also assessed the heterogeneity by age.
Results
Households with older members were more likely to have their healthcare needs met but experienced CHE more so than households without older members. The financial consequences of CHE were heterogeneous by age, suggesting that households with older members responded to CHE by reducing food and social expenditures more so than households without older members reducing expenditure on education. Households without older members experienced an income decline in the year following the occurrence of CHE, while this was not found among households with older members. A U-shaped relationship was observed between age and the probability of experiencing unmet healthcare need.
Conclusions
Households with older members are more likely to experience CHE with different financial consequences compared to those with younger members. Unmet need for healthcare is more common among younger and older members than among their middle-aged counterparts. Different types and levels of health and financial support need to be incorporated into national health systems and social protection policies to meet the unique needs of individuals and households.DOI： 10.1186/s13561-023-00475-2
Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13561-023-00475-2/fulltext.html
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Shohei Okamoto, Haruka Sakamoto, Kazuki Kamimura, Kohei Komamura, Erika Kobayashi, Jersey Liang
Health Economics Review 13 ( 28 ) 2023.5
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Financial incentives for exercise and medical care costs Reviewed
Kazuki Kamimura, Shohei Okamoto, Kenichi Shiraishi, Kazuto Sumita, Kohei Komamura, Akiko Tsukao, Shinya Kuno
International Journal of Economic Policy Studies 17 95 - 116 2022.11
Authorship：Lead author, Corresponding author Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI： 10.1007/s42495-022-00093-6
Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42495-022-00093-6/fulltext.html
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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine passports: a cross-sectional conjoint experiment in Japan Reviewed
Okamoto S, Kamimura K, Komamura K
BMJ Open 12 ( e060829 ) e060829 - e060829 2022.6
Publisher：BMJ
Objectives
While the development of vaccines against the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) brought hope of establishing herd immunity and ending the global pandemic, vaccine hesitancy can hinder the progress towards herd immunity. In this study, by analysing the data collected when citizens undergo public health restrictions due to the pandemic, we assess the determinants of vaccine hesitancy, reasons for hesitation and potential effectiveness of vaccine passports used to relax public health restrictions on mitigating vaccine hesitancy.
Design
Cross-sectional study, longitudinal study and conjoint experimental design.
Setting
An online survey conducted in Japan in July 2021.
Participants
A demographically representative sample of 5000 Japanese adults aged 20–74.
Primary outcome measures
COVID-19 vaccination intention
Results
We found that about 30% of respondents did not intend to get vaccinated or had not yet decided, with major reasons for vaccine hesitancy relating to concerns about the safety and side effects of the vaccine. In line with previous findings, younger age, lower socioeconomic status, and psychological and behavioural factors such as weaker COVID-19 fear were associated with vaccine hesitancy. Easing of public health restrictions such as travel, wearing face masks and dining out at night was associated with an increase in vaccine acceptance by 4%–10%. Moreover, we found that more than 90% of respondents who intended to get vaccinated actually received it while smaller proportions among those undecided and unwilling to get vaccinated did so.
Conclusion
With a major concern about vaccine safety and side effects, interventions to mitigate against these may help to reduce vaccine hesitancy. Moreover, when citizens are imposed with restrictions, vaccine passports that increase their freedom may be helpful to increase vaccination rates. -
Daily steps and healthcare costs in Japanese communities Reviewed
Shohei Okamoto, Kazuki Kamimura, Kenichi Shiraishi, Kazuto Sumita, Kohei Komamura, Akiko Tsukao, Shoko Chijiki, Shinya Kuno
Scientific Reports 11 ( 1 ) 2021.7
Joint Work
Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC
<title>Abstract</title>Physical inactivity is a pandemic that requires intensive, usually costly efforts for risk reduction of related chronic diseases. Nevertheless, it is challenging to determine the effectiveness of physical activity in healthcare cost reduction based on existing literature. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of physical activity (daily steps) on healthcare costs utilising the data retrieved from a health promotion project (<italic>the e-wellness Project</italic>, held in three municipalities in Japan). Evaluating the effects of daily steps, measured by pedometers, on healthcare costs by a quasi-experimental approach among participants aged 40–75 years (about 4000 person-years of observation, between 2009 and 2013), we found that a one-step-increase in the annual average daily step reduced outpatient healthcare costs by 16.26 JPY (≒ 0.11 GBD) in the short run. Based on the assumption of a dynamic relationship between the health statuses in multiple years, the long-run effects of daily steps on healthcare costs were estimated at 28.24 JPY (≒ 0.20 GBD). We determined the health benefits of walking in a sample of middle-aged and older Japanese adults by our findings that an increase in step counts reduced healthcare costs.
DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-94553-2
Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-94553-2
Books and Other Publications 【 display / non-display 】
Review Papers (Misc) 【 display / non-display 】
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Vaccination or restriction?: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine passports
Shohei Okamoto, Kazuki Kamimura, Kohei Komamura
medRxiv 2021.9
Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Abstract
Objectives
While the development of vaccines against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) brought the hope of establishing herd immunity, which might help end the global pandemic, vaccine hesitancy can hinder the progress towards herd immunity. In this study, we assess the determinants of vaccine hesitancy, reasons for hesitation, and effectiveness of vaccine passports in relaxing public health restrictions.
Methods
Through an online survey that includes a conjoint experiment of a demographically representative sample of 5,000 Japanese adults aged 20–74, we assess the determinants of vaccine hesitancy, reasons for hesitation, and effectiveness of hypothetical vaccine passports.
Results
We found that about 30% of respondents did not intend to vaccinate or have not yet decided, with major reasons for vaccine hesitancy being related to concerns about the safety and side effects of the vaccine. In line with previous findings, younger age, lower socioeconomic status, and psychological factors such as weaker COVID-19 fear were associated with vaccine hesitancy. The easing of public health restrictions such as travel, wearing face masks, and dining out at night was associated with an increase in vaccine acceptance by 4–10%.
Conclusion
Vaccine hesitancy can be reduced by mitigating the concerns about vaccine safety and side effects, as well as by relaxing public health restrictions. However, the feasibility of vaccine passports needs to be sufficiently assessed, taking the ethical issues of passports and the public health impacts of the relaxation of restrictions into careful consideration.
Strengths and limitations of this study
□This study includes timely data on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, obtained from a demographically representative sample of 5,000 Japanese adults.
□A conjoint experiment allows assessing the effectiveness of easing public health restrictions on vaccine acceptance.
□Actual behaviour may diverge from the survey responses or fluctuate due to the pandemic situation and the timing of the survey.
□Results may not be applicable in other countries, since the pandemic situation, government responses to the pandemic, and reasons for vaccine hesitancy can vary across countries. -
経済学基礎教育における学修支援としてのeラーニング利用と教育効果 (人材育成のための授業紹介 : 経済学)
児王 俊介, 上村 一樹, 佐藤 崇
大学教育と情報 2015 ( 1 ) 26 - 29 2015.6
Presentations 【 display / non-display 】
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A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Incentivised Exercise Program
Kazuki KAMIMURA;Shohei OKAMOTO;Kenichi SHIRAISHI;Kazuto SUMITA;Kohei KOMAMURA;Akiko TSUKAO;Shinya KUNO
The 20th International Conference of the Japan Economic Policy Association (fully online at the JEPA homepage) 2021.11 The Japan Economic Policy Association
Event date： 2021.11
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Daily steps and healthcare costs in Japanese communities: Causal inference
隅田和人,岡本翔平,上村一樹,白石憲一
日本経済学会2020年度秋季大会 (オンライン開催) 日本経済学会
Event date： 2020.10
Academic Awards Received 【 display / non-display 】
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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健康診断受診率向上政策の費用対効果分析
2016.4 - 2020.3
JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C)
自治体に対するアンケート調査、インターネット調査、既存の社会調査を組み合わせることにより、健康診断の受診率を効果的に向上させる方法に関する費用対効果分析を行う。
Other External funds procured 【 display / non-display 】
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主観的な余命の過小見積もりによる老後資金枯渇問題を解消するための効果的な情報提供
2023.6 - 2024.6
公益財団法人村田学術振興財団 第39回（2023年度）公益財団法人村田学術振興財団 研究助成
上村一樹、駒村康平
Authorship：principal_investigator
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生命保険受け取り時の「終身年金パズル」の実態ー長寿リスクの誤認がおよぼす影響ー
2023.6 - 2024.3
公益財団法人 生命保険文化センター 2023年度 生命保険に関する研究助成
上村一樹、駒村康平
Authorship：principal_investigator
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地域社会のソーシャルキャピタルと社会保障制度への態度の関係
2018.1 - 2018.12
一般財団法人 全国勤労者福祉・共済振興協会 2018年度公募委託調査研究
上村一樹
Authorship：principal_investigator
Joint and Contract research activities (Public) 【 display / non-display 】
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地域社会のソーシャルキャピタルと社会保障制度への態度の関係
Offer organization：全労済 General funded research
2018.1 - 2018.12
欧米諸国同様、わが国でも、社会的な分断の発生、それによる社会保障をはじめとした諸制度への悪影響が危惧されている。本研究では、社会的な分断がもたらす悪影響を回避する鍵として、地域におけるソーシャルキャピタルに注目する。具体的には、ソーシャルキャピタルが豊かな地域に住んでいると、自分自身に直接の利益がないものも含め、社会保障制度に対して前向きな態度になる、という仮説をデータ分析によって検証する。
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スポーツ庁平成27年度総合特区推進費補助金（スポーツによる地域活性化推進事業）「スポーツウエルネスサービスによる地域活性化モデルの構築」
General funded research
2015.4 - 2016.3
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平成27年度インセンティブの制度化を見据えた健幸ポイント等の予防事業の類型化のための調査検討
General funded research
2015.4 - 2016.3
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文部科学省委託「平成26年度スポーツを通じた地域コミュニティ活性化促進事業 健康づくり無関心層も含めた多くの国民がスポーツライフ化を可能とするインセンティブ方法の検討」
General funded research
2014.4 - 2015.3
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国民健康保険調整交付金事業「平成25年度健康ポイント制度社会実験事業」
General funded research
2013.4 - 2014.3